周构建互动游戏

百变鹏仔 1个月前 (01-16) #Python

文章标签互动游戏

第 2 周：构建互动游戏

第三课：游戏物理与运动

3.1 理解游戏物理

游戏物理涉及模拟现实世界的物理，使游戏更加真实和引人入胜。速度、加速度和重力等基本物理原理可以使游戏中的动作和交互感觉自然。

3.1.1 速度和加速度

示例：基本速度运动

import pygame# initialize pygamepygame.init()# screen setupscreen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))pygame.display.set_caption("basic movement with velocity")# colorswhite = (255, 255, 255)black = (0, 0, 0)# player setupplayer = pygame.rect(375, 275, 50, 50)velocity = pygame.vector2(0, 0)# main game looprunning = truewhile running:    for event in pygame.event.get():        if event.type == pygame.quit:            running = false    # keyboard input for movement    keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()    if keys[pygame.k_left]:        velocity.x = -5    elif keys[pygame.k_right]:        velocity.x = 5    else:        velocity.x = 0    if keys[pygame.k_up]:        velocity.y = -5    elif keys[pygame.k_down]:        velocity.y = 5    else:        velocity.y = 0    # update player position    player.move_ip(velocity)    # clear screen    screen.fill(white)    # draw player    pygame.draw.rect(screen, black, player)    # update display    pygame.display.flip()pygame.quit()

3.1.2 重力模拟

重力通过向下拉物体来模拟地球上的重力效果，从而为游戏增添真实感。

示例：为下落物体添加重力

import pygame# initialize pygamepygame.init()# screen setupscreen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))pygame.display.set_caption("gravity simulation")# colorswhite = (255, 255, 255)black = (0, 0, 0)# object setupobject = pygame.rect(375, 50, 50, 50)gravity = 0.5velocity_y = 0# main game looprunning = truewhile running:    for event in pygame.event.get():        if event.type == pygame.quit:            running = false    # apply gravity    velocity_y += gravity    object.y += velocity_y    # reset object position if it falls off-screen    if object.y > 600:        object.y = 50        velocity_y = 0    # clear screen    screen.fill(white)    # draw object    pygame.draw.rect(screen, black, object)    # update display    pygame.display.flip()pygame.quit()

3.2 弹跳和反射物体

要创建动态游戏，通常需要模拟弹跳物体，例如从墙壁反弹的球。

示例：弹跳球模拟

import pygame# initialize pygamepygame.init()# screen setupscreen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))pygame.display.set_caption("bouncing ball")# colorswhite = (255, 255, 255)black = (0, 0, 0)# ball setupball = pygame.rect(375, 275, 50, 50)velocity = pygame.vector2(4, 4)# main game looprunning = truewhile running:    for event in pygame.event.get():        if event.type == pygame.quit:            running = false    # move ball    ball.move_ip(velocity)    # bounce off walls    if ball.left <= 0 or ball.right >= 800:        velocity.x = -velocity.x    if ball.top <= 0 or ball.bottom >= 600:        velocity.y = -velocity.y    # clear screen    screen.fill(white)    # draw ball    pygame.draw.ellipse(screen, black, ball)    # update display    pygame.display.flip()pygame.quit()

3.3 迷你项目：弹跳球游戏

目标： 创建一个游戏，让球在屏幕上弹跳，撞到墙壁时改变方向。

3.3.1 代码示例

import pygame# initialize pygamepygame.init()# screen setupscreen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))pygame.display.set_caption("bouncing ball game")# colorswhite = (255, 255, 255)black = (0, 0, 0)# ball setupball = pygame.rect(375, 275, 50, 50)velocity = pygame.vector2(3, 3)# main game looprunning = truewhile running:    for event in pygame.event.get():        if event.type == pygame.quit:            running = false    # move ball    ball.move_ip(velocity)    # bounce off walls    if ball.left <= 0 or ball.right >= 800:        velocity.x = -velocity.x    if ball.top <= 0 or ball.bottom >= 600:        velocity.y = -velocity.y    # clear screen    screen.fill(white)    # draw ball    pygame.draw.ellipse(screen, black, ball)    # update display    pygame.display.flip()pygame.quit()

3.4 练习

添加障碍：
更改球颜色：

第 4 课：使用声音和音乐

4.1 添加音效和音乐

音效和音乐对于创造身临其境的游戏体验至关重要。 pygame 允许您轻松地为游戏添加声音。

4.1.1 加载和播放声音

示例：添加声音效果

import pygame# initialize pygame and mixerpygame.init()pygame.mixer.init()# load sound effectbounce_sound = pygame.mixer.sound("bounce.wav")# screen setupscreen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))pygame.display.set_caption("sound effects")# colorswhite = (255, 255, 255)black = (0, 0, 0)# ball setupball = pygame.rect(375, 275, 50, 50)velocity = pygame.vector2(3, 3)# main game looprunning = truewhile running:    for event in pygame.event.get():        if event.type == pygame.quit:            running = false    # move ball    ball.move_ip(velocity)    # bounce off walls and play sound    if ball.left <= 0 or ball.right >= 800:        velocity.x = -velocity.x        bounce_sound.play()  # play sound on bounce    if ball.top <= 0 or ball.bottom >= 600:        velocity.y = -velocity.y        bounce_sound.play()    # clear screen    screen.fill(white)    # draw ball    pygame.draw.ellipse(screen, black, ball)    # update display    pygame.display.flip()pygame.quit()

4.1.2 背景音乐

示例：添加背景音乐

import pygame# initialize pygame and mixerpygame.init()pygame.mixer.init()# load and play background musicpygame.mixer.music.load("background_music.mp3")pygame.mixer.music.play(-1)  # loop indefinitely# screen setupscreen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))pygame.display.set_caption("background music")# colorswhite = (255, 255, 255)black = (0, 0, 0)# main game looprunning = truewhile running:    for event in pygame.event.get():        if event.type == pygame.quit:            running = false    # clear screen    screen.fill(white)    # update display    pygame.display.flip()pygame.quit()

4.2 根据事件触发声音

音效可以根据特定的游戏事件触发，例如碰撞或玩家动作。

示例：声音记忆游戏

pythonimport pygameimport random# Initialize Pygame and Mixerpygame.init()pygame.mixer.init()# Load soundssounds = [pygame.mixer.Sound(f"sound{i}.wav") for i in range(4)]# Screen setupscreen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))pygame.display.set_caption("Sound Memory Game")# Colorswhite = (255, 255, 255)black = (0, 0, 0)# Generate random sequence of soundssequence = [random.choice(sounds) for _ in range(5)]current_step = 0# Main game looprunning = Truewhile running:

文章推荐