python基础学习详解

百变鹏仔 3小时前 #Python

文章标签详解

运行首个程序hello_world.py

#_*_coding:utf-8_*_print("Hello world!")

输出结果：

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Hello world!

变量

#_*_coding:utf-8_*_name = "beyoungt"

#_*_coding:utf-8_*_name = "beyoungt"print(name)name = “abby"print(name)

输出结果：

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beyoungtabby

在程序中可随时修改变量的值，python将始终记录变量的最新值。

字符串:

python中，用引号括起来的都是字符串。可以是单引号也可以是双引号。

"This is a string."'This is also a string.'

使用方法修改字符串大小写：

name = "beyoungt"print(name.title())

输出：

Beyoungt

title():将每个单词首字母改为大写。

upper():将字符串全部改为大写。

lower():将字符串全部改为小写。

字符串的拼接：

first_name = "tian"last_name = "beyoungt"full_name = first_name + " " + last_nameprint("Hello," + full_name.title+" ! " )

输出：

Hello，Tian Beyoungt!

字符串的格式化输出:

name = “beyoungt"print("my name is %s" %name)#输出：my name is beyoungt

%s:字符串 %d:整数 %f:浮点数

name = input("name:")age = int(input("age:") ) #integerjob = input("job:")salary  = input("salary:")info = '''-------- info of  %s  -----Name:%sAge:%dJob:%sSalary:%s''' % (name,name,age,job,salary)info2 = '''-------- info of {_name}  -----Name:{_name}Age:{_age}Job:{_job}Salary:{_salary}'''.format(_name=name,           _age=age,           _job=job,           _salary=salary)info3 =  '''-------- info of {0} -----Name:{0}Age:{1}Job:{2}Salary:{3}'''.format(name,age,job,salary)print(info3)

添加制表符:

添加换行符:

print("Languages:PythonCJavaScript")输出：Languages:    PythonC    JavaScript

删除空白:

favorite_language = "  python  "favorite_language.rstrip()    #删除末尾空白favorite_language.lstrip()    #删除开头空白favorite_language.strip()     #删除两端空白

模块:

#！usr/bin/env python#-*- coding:utf-8-*-# Author burnywenimport getpass_username = 'burnywen'_password = '123456'username = input("username:")#password = getpass.getpass("password:")  #fails to work well in pycharm;password = input("password:")if _username == username and _password == password:print("Welcome user {name} login...".format(name=username))else:print("Invalid username or password!")

getpass模块使密码隐藏。

循环：

#！usr/bin/env python#-*- coding:utf-8-*-# Author burnywencount = 0while True:print("count:",count)    count +=1if count == 100:break

#！usr/bin/env python#-*- coding:utf-8-*-# Author burnywenfor i in range(0,10):if i <3:print("loop ",i)else :continueprint("oh....")

#！usr/bin/env python#-*- coding:utf-8-*-# Author burnywenfor i in range(10):print('----------',i)for j in range(10):print(j)if j >5:break

guess小游戏及改进:

#！usr/bin/env python

#-*- coding:utf-8-*-

# Author burnywen

age_of_burnywen = 23for i in range(3):    guess_age = int(input("guess age:") )if guess_age == age_of_burnywen :print("congratulations, you are right. ")breakelif guess_age > age_of_burnywen:print("think smaller...")else:print("think bigger...")else:print("you have tried too many times.")

 <br/>

#！usr/bin/env python#-*- coding:utf-8-*-# Author burnywen

age_of_burnywen = 23count = 0while count <3:    guess_age = int(input("guess age:") )if guess_age == age_of_burnywen :print("congratulations, you are ringht. ")breakelif guess_age > age_of_burnywen:print("think smaller...")else:print("think bigger!")    count +=1else:print("you have tried too many times.")

 <br/>

#！usr/bin/env python#-*- coding:utf-8-*-# Author burnywenage_of_buruywen =23count = 0while count <3:    guess_age = int(input("guess age:") )if guess_age == age_of_burnywen :print("congratulations, you are right. ")breakelif guess_age > age_of_burnywen:print("think smaller...")else:print("think bigger!")    count +=1if count == 3:        countine_confirm = input("do you want to keep guessing..?")if countine_confirm != 'n':              count =0else:print("you have tried too many times.")

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