使用 React 构建测验应用程序

百变鹏仔 4周前 (09-19) #CSS

文章标签测验

介绍

在本教程中，我们将引导您使用 react 构建一个有趣的交互式测验网站。这个项目是初学者练习在 react 中处理用户输入、管理状态和渲染动态内容的好方法。

项目概况

测验网站允许用户回答多项选择题并获得有关其选择的即时反馈。测验结束时，用户会看到他们的分数以及正确答案。

特征

使用的技术

项目结构

该项目的结构如下：

├── public├── src│   ├── components│   │   ├── quiz.jsx│   │   ├── question.jsx│   ├── app.jsx│   ├── app.css│   ├── index.js│   └── index.css├── package.json└── readme.md

关键部件

代码说明

测验组件

测验组件负责呈现问题、计算分数以及处理测验完成。

import  { useeffect, usestate } from "react";import result from "./result";import question from "./question";const data = [  {    question: "what is the capital of france?",    options: ["paris", "berlin", "madrid", "rome"],    answer: "paris",  },  {    question: "what is the capital of germany?",    options: ["berlin", "munich", "frankfurt", "hamburg"],    answer: "berlin",  },  {    question: "what is the capital of spain?",    options: ["madrid", "barcelona", "seville", "valencia"],    answer: "madrid",  },  {    question: "what is the capital of italy?",    options: ["rome", "milan", "naples", "turin"],    answer: "rome",  },  {    question: "what is the capital of the united kingdom?",    options: ["london", "manchester", "liverpool", "birmingham"],    answer: "london",  },  {    question: "what is the capital of canada?",    options: ["ottawa", "toronto", "vancouver", "montreal"],    answer: "ottawa",  },  {    question: "what is the capital of australia?",    options: ["canberra", "sydney", "melbourne", "brisbane"],    answer: "canberra",  },  {    question: "what is the capital of japan?",    options: ["tokyo", "osaka", "kyoto", "nagoya"],    answer: "tokyo",  },  {    question: "what is the capital of china?",    options: ["beijing", "shanghai", "guangzhou", "shenzhen"],    answer: "beijing",  },  {    question: "what is the capital of russia?",    options: ["moscow", "saint petersburg", "novosibirsk", "yekaterinburg"],    answer: "moscow",  },  {    question: "what is the capital of india?",    options: ["new delhi", "mumbai", "bangalore", "chennai"],    answer: "new delhi",  },  {    question: "what is the capital of brazil?",    options: ["brasilia", "rio de janeiro", "sao paulo", "salvador"],    answer: "brasilia",  },  {    question: "what is the capital of mexico?",    options: ["mexico city", "guadalajara", "monterrey", "tijuana"],    answer: "mexico city",  },  {    question: "what is the capital of south africa?",    options: ["pretoria", "johannesburg", "cape town", "durban"],    answer: "pretoria",  },  {    question: "what is the capital of egypt?",    options: ["cairo", "alexandria", "giza", "luxor"],    answer: "cairo",  },  {    question: "what is the capital of turkey?",    options: ["ankara", "istanbul", "izmir", "antalya"],    answer: "ankara",  },  {    question: "what is the capital of argentina?",    options: ["buenos aires", "cordoba", "rosario", "mendoza"],    answer: "buenos aires",  },  {    question: "what is the capital of nigeria?",    options: ["abuja", "lagos", "kano", "ibadan"],    answer: "abuja",  },  {    question: "what is the capital of saudi arabia?",    options: ["riyadh", "jeddah", "mecca", "medina"],    answer: "riyadh",  },  {    question: "what is the capital of indonesia?",    options: ["jakarta", "surabaya", "bandung", "medan"],    answer: "jakarta",  },  {    question: "what is the capital of thailand?",    options: ["bangkok", "chiang mai", "phuket", "pattaya"],    answer: "bangkok",  },  {    question: "what is the capital of malaysia?",    options: ["kuala lumpur", "george town", "johor bahru", "malacca"],    answer: "kuala lumpur",  },  {    question: "what is the capital of the philippines?",    options: ["manila", "cebu city", "davao city", "quezon city"],    answer: "manila",  },  {    question: "what is the capital of vietnam?",    options: ["hanoi", "ho chi minh city", "da nang", "hai phong"],    answer: "hanoi",  },  {    question: "what is the capital of south korea?",    options: ["seoul", "busan", "incheon", "daegu"],    answer: "seoul",  },];const quiz = () =&gt; {  const [currentquestion, setcurrentquestion] = usestate(0);  const [score, setscore] = usestate(0);  const [showresult, setshowresult] = usestate(false);  const [timer, settimer] = usestate(30);  const [shownextbutton, setshownextbutton] = usestate(true);  useeffect(() =&gt; {    if (timer === 0) {      handlenext();    }    const timerid = settimeout(() =&gt; settimer(timer - 1), 1000);    return () =&gt; cleartimeout(timerid);  }, [timer]);  const handleanswer = (selectedoption) =&gt; {    if (selectedoption === data[currentquestion].answer) {      setscore(score + 1);    }    setshownextbutton(true); // show the next button after answering  };  const handlenext = () =&gt; {    const nextquestion = currentquestion + 1;    if (nextquestion ;  }  return (    <div classname="quiz"><div classname="countandtime"><div classname="questionnumber">       question :  {currentquestion + 1} <b>/</b> {data.length}      </div>      <div classname="timer">time left : {timer} seconds</div></div>      <question question="{data[currentquestion].question}" options="{data[currentquestion].options}" onanswer="{handleanswer}" onnext="{handlenext}" shownextbutton="{shownextbutton}"></question></div>  );};export default quiz;

测验组件管理当前问题索引和分数。它还会跟踪测验何时完成，并在回答所有问题后显示最终分数。

问题成分

问题组件处理每个问题的显示并允许用户选择答案。

const question = ({ question, options, onanswer, onnext, shownextbutton }) =&gt; {  return (    <div classname="question">      <h2>{question}</h2>      {options.map((option, index) =&gt; (        <button classname="option" key="{index}" onclick="{()"> onanswer(option)}&gt;          {option}        </button>      ))}      {shownextbutton &amp;&amp; <button classname="next" onclick="{onnext}">next </button>}    </div>  );};export default question;

该组件采用 data 属性，其中包括问题及其选项，并动态呈现它。 handleanswer 函数处理所选选项。

应用程序组件

app 组件管理布局并渲染 quiz 组件。

import quiz from "./components/quiz";import "./app.css";import logo from "./assets/images/quizlogo.png";const app = () =&gt; {  return (    <div classname="app">      @@##@@      <quiz></quiz><p classname="footer">made with ❤️ by abhishek gurjar</p>    </div>  );};export default app;

该组件通过页眉和页脚构建页面，测验组件呈现在中心。

结果成分

结果组件负责在用户提交答案后显示他们的测验分数。它通过将用户的回答与正确答案进行比较来计算分数，并提供有关正确回答了多少个问题的反馈。

const result = ({ score, totalquestion }) =&gt; {  return (    <div classname="result">      <h2>quiz complete</h2>      <p>your score is {score} out of {totalquestion}</p>    </div>  );}export default result;

在此组件中，分数和问题总数作为 props 传递。根据分数，该组件向用户显示一条消息，要么表扬他们正确回答所有问题，要么鼓励他们继续练习。这种动态反馈可以帮助用户了解他们的表现。

css 样式

css 确保测验的布局干净简单。它设计测验组件的样式并提供用户友好的视觉效果。

* {  box-sizing: border-box;}body {  background-color: #cce2c2;  color: black;  margin: 0;  padding: 0;  font-family: sans-serif;}.app {  width: 100%;  display: flex;  align-items: center;  justify-content: flex-start;  flex-direction: column;}.app img {  margin: 50px;}/* quiz */.quiz {  display: flex;  flex-direction: column;  align-items: center;  width: 60%;  margin: 0 auto;}.countandtime {  display: flex;  align-items: center;  gap: 300px;}.questionnumber {  font-size: 20px;  background-color: #fec33d;  padding: 10px;  border-radius: 10px;  font-weight: bold;}.timer {  font-size: 18px;  background-color: #44b845;  color: white;  padding: 10px;  border-radius: 10px;  font-weight: bold;}/* question */.question {  margin-top: 20px;}.question h2 {  background-color: #eaf0e7;  width: 690px;  padding: 30px;  border-radius: 10px;}.question .option {  display: flex;  margin-block: 20px;  flex-direction: column;  align-items: flex-start;  background-color: #eaf0e7;  padding: 20px;  border-radius: 10px;  font-size: 18px;  width: 690px;}.question .next {  font-size: 25px;  color: white;  background-color: #35bd3a;  border: none;  padding: 10px;  width: 100px;  border-radius: 10px;  margin-left: 590px;}/* result */.result {  border-radius: 19px;  display: flex;  align-items: center;  justify-content: center;  flex-direction: column;  width: 500px;  height: 300px;  margin-top: 140px;  background-color: #35bd3a;  color: white;}.result h2{  font-size: 40px;}.result p{  font-size: 25px;}.footer {  margin: 40px;}

样式确保布局居中，并在测验选项上提供悬停效果，使其更具互动性。

安装与使用

要开始此项目，请克隆存储库并安装依赖项：

git clone https://github.com/abhishekgurjar-in/quiz-website.gitcd quiz-websitenpm installnpm start

这将启动开发服务器，并且应用程序将在 http://localhost:3000 上运行。

现场演示

在此处查看测验网站的现场演示。

结论

这个测验网站对于希望提高 react 技能的初学者来说是一个出色的项目。它提供了一种引人入胜的方式来练习管理状态、呈现动态内容和处理用户输入。

制作人员

作者

abhishek gurjar 是一位 web 开发人员，热衷于构建交互式且引人入胜的 web 应用程序。您可以在 github 上关注他的工作。

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