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图像同时共享x轴和y轴

百变鹏仔 1天前 #Python
文章标签 图像
问题内容

我有一张用 imshow 显示的图像。然后我添加所有行并显示最大值。我对列也做同样的事情。在显示图中,我想让图像的 x 轴和 y 轴与添加列的 x 轴和添加行的 y 轴重合。然而,尽管分别设置了 sharex 和 sharey ,但它似乎不起作用。我希望我一次只能做一个:

import numpy as npimport matplotlib.pyplot as pltfrom scipy.signal import argrelextremaimport matplotlib.animation as animationfig=        plt.figure()gs=         fig.add_gridspec(2,2, height_ratios=[1, 0.1], width_ratios=[1, 0.1], hspace=0, wspace=0)ax1=        fig.add_subplot(gs[0,0])ax2=        fig.add_subplot(gs[1,0], sharex=ax1)ax3=        fig.add_subplot(gs[0,1], sharey=ax1)frameNumber= 10imgs=   []for i in range(frameNumber):    np.random.seed(i)    randomImage= np.random.random((5,5))    sumX=   np.sum(randomImage, axis=0)    sumY=   np.sum(randomImage, axis=1)    dataRange=  np.arange(len(sumX))    randomDataSet=  np.random.random((10))    randomMaximalX= argrelextrema(sumX, np.greater)    randomMaximalY= argrelextrema(sumY, np.greater)    img1=   ax1.imshow(randomImage, animated=True)    img2=   ax2.plot(dataRange, sumX,animated=True)[0]    img3=   ax3.plot(sumY,dataRange,animated=True)[0]    img4=   ax2.vlines(x=randomMaximalX, ymin=0, ymax=5, animated=True, linestyles="dashed")    img5=   ax3.hlines(y=randomMaximalY, xmin=0, xmax=5, animated=True, linestyles="dashed")    imgs.append([img1, img2, img3, img4, img5])ani=    animation.ArtistAnimation(fig, imgs, interval=1000, blit=False)plt.show()

当前结果是这样的:

实际上我想要这样的东西:

其中两个图的 h 值相同。非常感谢!


正确答案


有两种方法可以解决此问题:

  1. 使用 axes.pcolormesh 代替 axes.imshow
  2. 或更新相邻图的纵横比。

① 轴.pcolormesh

axes.pcolormesh 不会强制生成的图像为正方形(1:1 纵横比),因此您的单元格将是矩形,但它们会适当地填充所提供的空间。

from numpy.random import default_rngimport matplotlib.pyplot as pltrng = default_rng(0)image = rng.uniform(1, 10, size=(5, 5))mosaic = [    ['main',   'right'],    ['bottom', '.'    ],]fig, axd = plt.subplot_mosaic(    mosaic,    gridspec_kw={        'height_ratios': [1, .1], 'width_ratios': [1, .1],        'wspace': .05, 'hspace': .05,    },    sharex=true,    sharey=true,)axd['main'].pcolormesh(image)plt.show()

② 方面更新

如果您想坚持使用 axes.imshow,那么您需要调整手动调整每个图的纵横比。为了获得正确的比率,您需要根据提供给 gridspec 的 height_ratio 和 width_ratio 进行计算

from numpy.random import default_rngimport matplotlib.pyplot as pltrng = default_rng(0)image = rng.uniform(1, 10, size=(5, 5))mosaic = [    ['main',   'right'],    ['bottom', '.'    ],]fig, axd = plt.subplot_mosaic(    mosaic,    sharex=True,    sharey=True,    gridspec_kw={        'height_ratios': [1, .1], 'width_ratios': [1, .1],        # change values to move adjacent plots closer to the main        'wspace': .05, 'hspace': .05,    },)axd['main'].imshow(image)axd['main'].set_anchor('SE') # move main plot to bottom-right of bounding-box# calculate the width and height scalesgs = axd['main'].get_gridspec() # you can also save these values from your `gridspec_kw`width_scale = gs.get_width_ratios()[0]    / gs.get_width_ratios()[1]height_scale = gs.get_height_ratios()[0]  / gs.get_height_ratios()[1]# update the aspect ratios of the adjacent plots#   set their anchors so they correctly align with the main plotaxd['right'].set_aspect(width_scale, anchor='SW')axd['bottom'].set_aspect(1/height_scale, anchor='NE')plt.show()