图像同时共享x轴和y轴
问题内容
我有一张用 imshow 显示的图像。然后我添加所有行并显示最大值。我对列也做同样的事情。在显示图中,我想让图像的 x 轴和 y 轴与添加列的 x 轴和添加行的 y 轴重合。然而,尽管分别设置了 sharex 和 sharey ,但它似乎不起作用。我希望我一次只能做一个:
import numpy as npimport matplotlib.pyplot as pltfrom scipy.signal import argrelextremaimport matplotlib.animation as animationfig= plt.figure()gs= fig.add_gridspec(2,2, height_ratios=[1, 0.1], width_ratios=[1, 0.1], hspace=0, wspace=0)ax1= fig.add_subplot(gs[0,0])ax2= fig.add_subplot(gs[1,0], sharex=ax1)ax3= fig.add_subplot(gs[0,1], sharey=ax1)frameNumber= 10imgs= []for i in range(frameNumber): np.random.seed(i) randomImage= np.random.random((5,5)) sumX= np.sum(randomImage, axis=0) sumY= np.sum(randomImage, axis=1) dataRange= np.arange(len(sumX)) randomDataSet= np.random.random((10)) randomMaximalX= argrelextrema(sumX, np.greater) randomMaximalY= argrelextrema(sumY, np.greater) img1= ax1.imshow(randomImage, animated=True) img2= ax2.plot(dataRange, sumX,animated=True)[0] img3= ax3.plot(sumY,dataRange,animated=True)[0] img4= ax2.vlines(x=randomMaximalX, ymin=0, ymax=5, animated=True, linestyles="dashed") img5= ax3.hlines(y=randomMaximalY, xmin=0, xmax=5, animated=True, linestyles="dashed") imgs.append([img1, img2, img3, img4, img5])ani= animation.ArtistAnimation(fig, imgs, interval=1000, blit=False)plt.show()
当前结果是这样的:
实际上我想要这样的东西:
其中两个图的 h 值相同。非常感谢!
正确答案
有两种方法可以解决此问题:
- 使用 axes.pcolormesh 代替 axes.imshow
- 或更新相邻图的纵横比。
① 轴.pcolormesh
axes.pcolormesh 不会强制生成的图像为正方形(1:1 纵横比),因此您的单元格将是矩形,但它们会适当地填充所提供的空间。
from numpy.random import default_rngimport matplotlib.pyplot as pltrng = default_rng(0)image = rng.uniform(1, 10, size=(5, 5))mosaic = [ ['main', 'right'], ['bottom', '.' ],]fig, axd = plt.subplot_mosaic( mosaic, gridspec_kw={ 'height_ratios': [1, .1], 'width_ratios': [1, .1], 'wspace': .05, 'hspace': .05, }, sharex=true, sharey=true,)axd['main'].pcolormesh(image)plt.show()
② 方面更新
如果您想坚持使用 axes.imshow,那么您需要调整手动调整每个图的纵横比。为了获得正确的比率,您需要根据提供给 gridspec 的 height_ratio 和 width_ratio 进行计算
from numpy.random import default_rngimport matplotlib.pyplot as pltrng = default_rng(0)image = rng.uniform(1, 10, size=(5, 5))mosaic = [ ['main', 'right'], ['bottom', '.' ],]fig, axd = plt.subplot_mosaic( mosaic, sharex=True, sharey=True, gridspec_kw={ 'height_ratios': [1, .1], 'width_ratios': [1, .1], # change values to move adjacent plots closer to the main 'wspace': .05, 'hspace': .05, },)axd['main'].imshow(image)axd['main'].set_anchor('SE') # move main plot to bottom-right of bounding-box# calculate the width and height scalesgs = axd['main'].get_gridspec() # you can also save these values from your `gridspec_kw`width_scale = gs.get_width_ratios()[0] / gs.get_width_ratios()[1]height_scale = gs.get_height_ratios()[0] / gs.get_height_ratios()[1]# update the aspect ratios of the adjacent plots# set their anchors so they correctly align with the main plotaxd['right'].set_aspect(width_scale, anchor='SW')axd['bottom'].set_aspect(1/height_scale, anchor='NE')plt.show()