用Python探索区块链世界的奥秘：揭秘区块链的工作原理

pip install WEB3pip install eth-account

from web3 import Web3# 连接到本地Geth节点web3 = Web3(Web3.HttpProvider("http://127.0.0.1:8545"))

# 获取区块链当前的高度block_number = web3.eth.block_numberprint("区块链当前的高度：", block_number)# 获取最新区块的信息latest_block = web3.eth.get_block("latest")print("最新区块的信息：", latest_block)# 获取指定区块号的区块信息block_number = 1000block = web3.eth.get_block(block_number)print("指定区块号的区块信息：", block)

from eth_account import Account# 创建一个账户account = Account.create()# 获取账户的地址address = account.addressprint("账户的地址：", address)# 获取账户的私钥private_key = account.private_keyprint("账户的私钥：", private_key)# 创建一个交易transaction = {"nonce": web3.eth.get_transaction_count(address),"to": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000","value": 1000000000000000000,"gas": 21000,"gas_price": web3.eth.gas_price}# 签名交易signed_transaction = web3.eth.account.sign_transaction(transaction, private_key)# 发送交易tx_hash = web3.eth.send_raw_transaction(signed_transaction.rawTransaction)# 等待交易确认receipt = web3.eth.wait_for_transaction_receipt(tx_hash)# 打印交易收据print("交易收据：", receipt)

from solc import compile_source# 编译智能合约代码contract_source_code = """pragma solidity ^0.4.24;contract Greeter {string public greeting;constructor() public {greeting = "Hello, World!";}function greet() public view returns (string) {return greeting;}}"""compiled_contract = compile_source(contract_source_code)contract_abi = compiled_contract["contracts"]["Greeter"]["abi"]contract_bytecode = compiled_contract["contracts"]["Greeter"]["bin"]# 部署智能合约contract = web3.eth.contract(abi=contract_abi, bytecode=contract_bytecode)tx_hash = contract.deploy({"from": address})# 等待交易确认receipt = web3.eth.wait_for_transaction_receipt(tx_hash)# 获取智能合约的地址contract_address = receipt.contractAddress# 调用智能合约的函数greeting = contract.functions.greet().call()# 打印智能合约返回的结果print("智能合约返回的结果：", greeting)