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分享12个实用的 CSS 小技巧(快来收藏)

百变鹏仔 3个月前 (09-20) #CSS
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本篇文章给大家分享12个有趣且实用的 css 小技巧,让前端开发更轻松,快来收藏吧,希望对大家有所帮助!

(推荐学习:css视频教程)

1. 打字效果

代码实现:

<div class="wrapper">    <div class="typing-demo">      有趣且实用的 CSS 小技巧    </div></div>
.wrapper {  height: 100vh;  display: flex;  align-items: center;  justify-content: center;}.typing-demo {  width: 22ch;  animation: typing 2s steps(22), blink .5s step-end infinite alternate;  white-space: nowrap;  overflow: hidden;  border-right: 3px solid;  font-family: monospace;  font-size: 2em;}@keyframes typing {  from {    width: 0  }}    @keyframes blink {  50% {    border-color: transparent  }}

实现效果:

立即学习“前端免费学习笔记(深入)”;

2. 设置阴影

当使用透明图像时,可以使用 drop-shadow() 函数在图像上创建阴影,而不是使用 box shadow 属性在元素的整个框后面创建矩形阴影:

<div class="wrapper">  <div class="mr-2">    <div class="mb-1 text-center">      box-shadow    </div>        @@##@@  </div>      <div>    <div class="mb-1 text-center">      drop-shadow    </div>        @@##@@  </div></div>
.wrapper {  height: 100vh;  display: flex;  align-items: center;  justify-content: center;}.mr-2 {  margin-right: 2em;}.mb-1 {  margin-bottom: 1em;}.text-center {  text-align: center;}.box-shadow {  box-shadow: 2px 4px 8px #585858;}.drop-shadow {  filter: drop-shadow(2px 4px 8px #585858);}

对比效果:

3. 平滑滚动

无需 JavaScript 即可实现平滑滚动,只需一行 CSS:scroll-behavior: smooth;

<nav>  Scroll to:   <a href="#sectionA" class="link bg-red">A</a>    <a href="#sectionB" class="link bg-blue">B</a>    <a href="#sectionC" class="link bg-green">C</a></nav><div class="wrapper">  <div id="sectionA" class="section bg-red">A</div>    <div id="sectionB" class="section bg-blue">B</div>    <div id="sectionC" class="section bg-green">C</div></div>
html {  scroll-behavior: smooth;}nav {  position: fixed;  left: calc(50vw - 115px);  top: 0;  width: 200px;  text-align: center;  padding: 15px;  background: #fff;  box-shadow: 0 2px 5px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);}nav .link {  padding: 5px;  color: white;}.section {  height: 100vh;  display: flex;  align-items: center;  justify-content: center;  color: #fff;  font-size: 5em;  text-shadow:    0px 2px 0px #b2a98f,    0px 4px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.15),    0px 8px 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);}.bg-red {  background: #de5448;}.bg-blue {  background: #4267b2;}.bg-green {  background: #4CAF50;}

实现效果:

立即学习“前端免费学习笔记(深入)”;

4. 自定义光标

我们可以使用自定义图像,甚至表情符号来作为光标。

<div class="wrapper">  <div class="tile">    Default  </div>    <div class="tile tile-image-cursor">    Image  </div>    <div class="tile tile-emoji-cursor">    Emoji  </div></div>
.wrapper {  display: flex;  height: 100vh;  align-items: center;  justify-content: center;  background: #4776e6;  background: linear-gradient(to right, #4776e6, #8e54e9);  padding: 0 10px;}.tile {    width: 200px;    height: 200px;display: flex;    align-items: center;    justify-content: center;    background-color: #de5448;    margin-right: 10px;color: #fff;    font-size: 1.4em;    text-align: center;  }.tile-image-cursor {  background-color: #1da1f2;  cursor: url(https://picsum.photos/20/20), auto;}.tile-emoji-cursor {  background-color: #4267b2;  cursor: url("data:image/svg+xml;utf8,<svg xmlns=&#39;http://www.w3.org/2000/svg&#39;  width=&#39;40&#39; height=&#39;48&#39; viewport=&#39;0 0 100 100&#39; style=&#39;fill:black;font-size:24px;&#39;><text y=&#39;50%&#39;>?</text></svg>"), auto;}

实现效果:

立即学习“前端免费学习笔记(深入)”;

5. 截断文本

一行文本溢出隐藏:

<div>白日依山尽,黄河入海流。欲穷千里目,更上一层楼。</div>
div {  width: 200px;  background-color: #fff;  padding: 15px;  white-space: nowrap;  overflow: hidden;  text-overflow: ellipsis;}

实现效果:

立即学习“前端免费学习笔记(深入)”;

还可以使用“-webkit-line-clamp”属性将文本截断为特定的行数。文本将在截断的地方会显示省略号:

div {  width: 200px;  display: -webkit-box;  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;  -webkit-line-clamp: 2;  overflow: hidden;}

实现效果:

立即学习“前端免费学习笔记(深入)”;

6. 自定义选中样式

CSS 伪元素::selection,可以用来自定义用户选中文档的高亮样式。

<div class="wrapper">  <div>    <p>     默认高亮    </p>    <p class="custom-highlighting">      自定义高亮    </p>  </div></div>
.wrapper {  height: 100vh;  display: flex;  align-items: center;  justify-content: center;}p {  font-size: 2rem;  font-family: sans-serif;}.custom-highlighting::selection {  background-color: #8e44ad;  color: #fff;}

实现效果:

立即学习“前端免费学习笔记(深入)”;

7. CSS 模态框

我们可以使用 CSS 中的 :target 伪元素来创建一个模态框。

<div class="wrapper">    <a href="#demo-modal">Open Modal</a></div><div id="demo-modal" class="modal">    <div class="modal__content">        <h1>CSS Modal</h1>        <p>hello world</p>        <a href="#" class="modal__close">&times;</a>    </div></div>
.wrapper {  height: 100vh;  display: flex;  align-items: center;  justify-content: center;  background: linear-gradient(to right, #834d9b, #d04ed6);}.wrapper a {  display: inline-block;  text-decoration: none;  padding: 15px;  background-color: #fff;  border-radius: 3px;  text-transform: uppercase;  color: #585858;  font-family: &#39;Roboto&#39;, sans-serif;}.modal {  visibility: hidden;  opacity: 0;  position: absolute;  top: 0;  right: 0;  bottom: 0;  left: 0;  display: flex;  align-items: center;  justify-content: center;  background: rgba(77, 77, 77, .7);  transition: all .4s;}.modal:target {  visibility: visible;  opacity: 1;}.modal__content {  border-radius: 4px;  position: relative;  width: 500px;  max-width: 90%;  background: #fff;  padding: 1em 2em;}.modal__close {  position: absolute;  top: 10px;  right: 10px;  color: #585858;  text-decoration: none;}

实现效果:

立即学习“前端免费学习笔记(深入)”;

8. 空元素样式

可以使用 :empty 选择器来设置完全没有子元素或文本的元素的样式:

<div class="wrapper">  <div class="box"></div>  <div class="box">白日依山尽,黄河入海流。欲穷千里目,更上一层楼。</div></div>
.wrapper {  height: 100vh;  display: flex;  justify-content: center;  align-items: center;}.box {  display: inline-block;  background: #999;  border: 1px solid #585858;  height: 200px;  width: 200px;  margin-right: 15px;}.box:empty {  background: #fff;}

实现效果:

立即学习“前端免费学习笔记(深入)”;

9. 创建自定义滚动条

<div class="wrapper">    <div>      <div class="tile mr-1">        <div class="tile-content">          默认滚动条        </div>      </div>            <div class="tile tile-custom-scrollbar">        <div class="tile-content">          自定义滚动条        </div>      </div>    </div></div>
.wrapper {  height: 100vh;  display: flex;  align-items: center;  justify-content: center;}.mr-1 {  margin-right: 1em;}.tile {  overflow: auto;  display: inline-block;  background-color: #ccc;  height: 200px;  width: 180px;}.tile-custom-scrollbar::-webkit-scrollbar {  width: 12px;  background-color: #eff1f5;}.tile-custom-scrollbar::-webkit-scrollbar-track{  border-radius: 3px;  background-color: transparent;}.tile-custom-scrollbar::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{  border-radius:5px;  background-color:#515769;  border:2px solid #eff1f5}.tile-content {  padding: 20px;  height: 500px;}

实现效果:

立即学习“前端免费学习笔记(深入)”;

10. 动态工具提示

可以使用 CSS 函数 attr() 来创建动态的纯 CSS 工具提示 。

<h1>  HTML/CSS tooltip</h1><p>  Hover <span class="tooltip" data-tooltip="Tooltip Content">Here</span> to see the tooltip.</p><p>  You can also hover <span class="tooltip" data-tooltip="This is another Tooltip Content">here</span> to see another example.</p>
.tooltip {  position: relative;  border-bottom: 1px dotted black;}.tooltip:before {  content: attr(data-tooltip);   position: absolute;  width: 100px;  background-color: #062B45;  color: #fff;  text-align: center;  padding: 10px;  line-height: 1.2;  border-radius: 6px;  z-index: 1;  opacity: 0;  transition: opacity .6s;  bottom: 125%;  left: 50%;  margin-left: -60px;  font-size: 0.75em;  visibility: hidden;}.tooltip:after {  content: "";  position: absolute;  bottom: 75%;  left: 50%;  margin-left: -5px;  border-width: 5px;  border-style: solid;  opacity: 0;  transition: opacity .6s;  border-color: #062B45 transparent transparent transparent;  visibility: hidden;}.tooltip:hover:before, .tooltip:hover:after {  opacity: 1;  visibility: visible;}

实现效果:

立即学习“前端免费学习笔记(深入)”;

11. 圆形渐变边框

<div class="box gradient-border">  炫酷渐变边框</div>
.gradient-border {  border: solid 5px transparent;  border-radius: 10px;  background-image: linear-gradient(white, white),     linear-gradient(315deg,#833ab4,#fd1d1d 50%,#fcb045);  background-origin: border-box;  background-clip: content-box, border-box;}.box {  width: 350px;  height: 100px;  display: flex;  align-items: center;  justify-content: center;  margin: 100px auto;}

实现效果:

立即学习“前端免费学习笔记(深入)”;

12. 灰度图片

可以使用 grayscale() 过滤器功能将输入图像转换为灰度。

(学习视频分享:web前端入门教程)